No Other Essays - Stonehenge, Henges, , Term Papers

No Other Despite the many purposes it seems to serve, Stonehenge is still the embodiment of mystery for most of the world. Some believe that its purpose was to be used as an astronomical observatory. Others think that it was used as a religious meeting center for the Druids. However, no one has been able to prove its true meaning and existence. Stonehenge is believed to have been built in three main periods. The first took place between 3100 and 2700 B. C. This part of the construction consisted of building a huge ditch around the area in which Stonehenge was to be built (Castleden 1). This ditch was 320 ft. in diameter with a broken area in which the entrance is located. Just inside the ditch 56 holes were dug equal distance from each other. These holes were then filled with chalk rubble, but some of the holes were filled with the bones of cremated human beings. These holes were called the Aubrey holes after their discoverer John Aubrey. To the northeast of the ditch a 16ft. tall heel stone was erected (Brown 751). The second phase of the building is non-existent to this day (Warwick and Trump I t can however be inferred by to holes known as the ?Q? and ?R? holes. The two holes form a double circle around the monument. It was originally filled with 38 blue stones. Also during this building phase two ditches were dug parallel to each other. The two ditches go outward from the entrance. This part of the building process is believed to be unfinished. This thought is due to the fact that some holes are missing in the double circles (Brown 751). The third phase in building is the most spectacular of all the phases. This is because of the 100ft. Circle that is filled with 30 sarsen stone columns which weighs 25 tons separately. A continuous circle of lintel stones held in place by mortise and tenon joints tops them off. Inside the circle is the holes known as the ?X? and ?Y? holes. Also inside are a small horseshoe shape of bluestones. The largest bluestone is called the altar stone. This altar stone's original location and meaning is unknown. It now lies under two fallen trilithon stone. The builders of this age of Stonehenge are the Wessex culture of the early Bronze Age (Brown 752). Those who constructed Stonehenge may never be known. There are many myths and legends as to who really built the huge monument. On such myth is that the great magician Merlin built Stonehenge. This was claimed in the book History of the Kings of Britains written by Geoffrey of Monmouth. According to Geoffrey the huge stones were taken from Ireland and moved to England where they were marked as a burial ground for slain British princes. This monument was set up by King Ambrosius. He sent for Merlin to give him a monument. Merlin suggested the ?Dance of the Giants? in Ireland. However the Irish were not going to give up their monument without a fight. They had set up an army to defend the giant monument from King Ambrosius's army of soldiers sent to fetch the monument. The British defeated the Irish but could not budge the giant stones in any way, shape, or form. Merlin, however, could. He came to their rescue and moved the stones with the greatest of ease. This story was a good explan ation to all medieval believers. Outline I. Construction A. Phases 1. Period I 2. Period II 3. Period III B. Builders 1. Celts and Druids 2. Merlin and King Ambrossius II. Purpose A. Solstice Calendar B. Druids Meetings C. Astronomical Events III. Feeling toward Stonehenge A. Peoples Feelings Then B. Peoples Feelings now

Why We Should Clone essays

Why We Should Clone essays Is there a consensus on the morality of cloning, human or otherwise? This hotly debated question raises many eyebrows when this sensitive subject is brought up. Through the mess of scientific support and religious opposition, as well as moral and ethical dilemmas, one thing remains the same; cloning is not yet safe enough to use on humans. Although, when it is, the benefits that result will greatly outweigh the risks and provide so much potential for the betterment of life. With proper legislation to control it, cloning on all levels, once it becomes safe and effective, should be allowed in the United States. No one knew much about the scientific world of cloning until 1997, when Scottish scientists cloned the first animal, a sheep named Dolly. Cloning basically means the copying of genetic material in one of two ways; blastomere separation or somatic cell nuclear transfer. With blastomere separation, the embryo is split soon after fertilization, and the resulting organisms are identical twins. This type of cloning can happen naturally or scientifically, resulting in multiple births. On the other hand, somatic cell nuclear transfer can only happen in a lab. In this process, scientists empty the nucleus of an adult egg cell, and transfer genetic material into it (CellNEWS). Dolly, along with other sheep, goats, mice and cows, have been cloned using this process. This showed that contrary to scientific belief, specialized adult animal cells do in fact revert back to a non-specialized, embryonic state; restoring the ability to produce any type of cell. It was previously thought that once a cell became a liver cell, or a heart cell the change was irreversible, and the unnecessary genes were deactivated (CellNEWS). Although cloning has been a major scientific advance, it has not been without its drawbacks. Failure has claimed about 98% of cloning efforts, the embryos either die during the gestational period or sh...

Biography of Heinrich Hertz

Biography of Heinrich Hertz Physics students around the world are familiar with the work of Heinrich Hertz, the German physicist who proved that electromagnetic waves definitely exist. His work in electrodynamics paved the way for many  modern uses of light (also known as electromagnetic waves). The frequency unit that physicists use is named the Hertz in his honor. Fast Facts Heinrich Hertz Full Name: Heinrich Rudolf HertzBest Known For: Proof of the existence of electromagnetic waves, Hertzs principle of least curvature, and the photoelectric effect.Born: February 22, 1857 in Hamburg, GermanyDied: January 1, 1894 in  Bonn, Germany, at age 36Parents: Gustav Ferdinand Hertz and Anna Elisabeth PfefferkornSpouse: Elisabeth Doll, married 1886Children: Johanna and MathildeEducation: Physics and mechanical engineering, was a professor of physics in various institutes.Significant Contributions: Proved that electromagnetic waves propagated various distances through the air, and summarized how objects of different materials affect each other on contact. Early Life and Education Heinrich Hertz was born in Hamburg, Germany, in 1857. His parents were Gustav Ferdinand Hertz (a lawyer) and Anna Elisabeth Pfefferkorn. Although his father was born Jewish, he converted to Christianity and the children were raised as Christians. This did not stop the Nazis from dishonoring Hertz after his death, due to the taint of Jewishness, but his reputation was restored after World War II. The young Hertz was educated at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums in Hamburg, where he showed a deep interest in scientific subjects. He went on to study engineering in Frankfurt under such scientists as Gustav Kirchhoff and Hermann Helmholtz. Kirchhoff specialized in studies of radiation, spectroscopy, and electrical circuit theories. Helmholtz was a physicist who developed theories about vision, the perception of sound and light, and the fields of electrodynamics and thermodynamics. It is small wonder then, that the young Hertz became interested in some of the same theories and eventually did his lifes work in the fields of contact mechanics and electromagnetism. Life's Work and Discoveries After earning a Ph.D. in 1880, Hertz took up a series of professorships where he taught physics and theoretical mechanics. He married Elisabeth Doll in 1886 and they had two daughters. Hertzs doctoral dissertation focused on James Clerk Maxwells theories of electromagnetism. Maxwell worked in mathematical physics until his death in 1879 and formulated what is now known as Maxwells Equations. They describe, through mathematics, the functions of electricity and magnetism. He also predicted the existence of electromagnetic waves. Hertzs work focused on that proof, which took him several years to achieve. He constructed a simple dipole antenna with a spark gap between the elements, and he managed to produce radio waves with it. Between 1879 and 1889, he did a series of experiments that used electrical and magnetic fields to produce waves that could be measured. He established that the velocity of the waves was the same as the speed of light, and studied the characteristics of the fields he generated, measuring their magnitude, polarization, and reflections. Ultimately, his work showed that light and other waves he measured were all a form of electromagnetic radiation that could be defined by Maxwells equations. He proved through his work that electromagnetic waves can and do move through the air.   In addition, Hertz focused on a concept called the photoelectric effect, which occurs when an object with electrical charge loses that charge very quickly when it is exposed to light, in his case, ultraviolet radiation. He observed and described the effect, but never explained why it happened. That was left to Albert Einstein, who published his own work on the effect. He suggested that light (electromagnetic radiation) consists of energy carried by electromagnetic waves in little packets called quanta. Hertzs studies and Einsteins later work eventually became the basis for an important branch of physics called quantum mechanics.  Hertz and his student Phillip Lenard also worked with cathode rays, which are produced inside vacuum tubes by electrodes.   Heinrich Hertzs portrait and drawings of electrical fields that he studied appeared on a German postage stamp in 1994. Deutsche Bundespost. What Hertz Missed Interestingly, Heinrich Hertz did not think his experiments with electromagnetic radiation, particularly radio waves, had any practical value. His attention was focused solely on theoretical experiments. So, he proved that electromagnetic waves propagated through the air (and space). His work led others to experiment even further with other aspects of radio waves and electromagnetic propagation. Eventually, they stumbled across the concept of using radio waves to send signals and messages, and other inventors used them to create telegraphy, radio broadcasting, and eventually television. Without Hertzs work, however, todays use of radio, TV, satellite broadcasts, and cellular technology wouldnt exist. Nor would the science of radio astronomy, which relies heavily on his work.   Other Scientific Interests Hertzs scientific accomplishments werent limited to electromagnetism. He also did a great deal of research on the topic of contact mechanics, which is the study of solid matter objects that touch each other. The big questions in this area of study have to do with the stresses the objects produce on each other, and what role friction plays in interactions between their surfaces. This is an important field of study in mechanical engineering. Contact mechanics affect design and construction in such objects as combustion engines, gaskets, metalworks, and also objects that have electrical contact with each other.   Hertzs work in contact mechanics began in 1882 when he published a paper titled On the Contact of Elastic Solids, where he was actually working with the properties of stacked lenses. He wanted to understand how their optical properties would be affected. The concept of Hertzian stress is named for him and describes the pinpoint stresses that objects undergo as they contact each other, particularly in curved objects.   Later Life Heinrich Hertz worked on his research and lecturing until his death on January 1, 1894. His health began failing several years prior to his death, and there was some evidence he had cancer.  His final years were taken up with teaching, further research, and several operations for his condition. His final publication, a book titled  Die Prinzipien der Mechanik (The Principles of Mechanics), was sent to the printer a few weeks before his death.   Honors Hertz was honored not only by the use of his name for the fundamental period of a wavelength, but his name appears on a memorial medal and a crater on the Moon. An institute called the Heinrich-Hertz Institute for Oscillation Research was founded in 1928, known today as the Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute, HHI. The scientific tradition continued with various members of his family, including his daughter Mathilde, who became a famous biologist. A nephew, Gustav Ludwig Hertz, won a Nobel prize, and other family members made significant scientific contributions in medicine and physics.   Bibliography â€Å"Heinrich Hertz and Electromagnetic Radiation.† AAAS - The Worlds Largest General Scientific Society, www.aaas.org/heinrich-hertz-and-electromagnetic-radiation. www.aaas.org/heinrich-hertz-and-electromagnetic-radiation.Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Specialized Microscopy Techniques - Fluorescence Digital Image Gallery - Normal African Green Monkey Kidney Epithelial Cells (Vero), micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/people/hertz.html.http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Hertz_Heinrich.htmlâ€Å"Heinrich Rudolf Hertz.† Cardan Biography, www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Hertz_Heinrich.html.

Human resource planning and recruitment strategies Research Paper

Human resource planning and recruitment strategies - Research Paper Example Also, the flexibility changes that have been made have also been discussed. Lastly, the recruitment decisions and the changes that are made have also been included. An attempt to provide examples for each of these situations has also been made to gain a better perspective of the situation and to understand how recession has impacted the companies. Human resource planning is the process of ensuring that the right person is at the right job at the right time. According to Vetter, 1967, ‘the process by which management determines how the organization should move from its current manpower position to its desired position. Through planning, management strives to have the right number and the right kinds of people, at the right places, at the right time, doing things which result in both the organization and the individual receiving maximum long-run benefits’ (Jackson & Schuler, 1990). There have been several businesses in the current economic environment who have made several changes in the human resources being used within the company to ensure that there is no wastage of resources and better levels of cost cutting as well. In the current economic condition with the level of recession increasing steadily, there are two main view points, a) viewpoint of the employees, and their salaries, and b) viewpoint of the employers and ‘loaded’ labour costs. Two of the companies that have used the recession as a basis for lay off include, Citigroup, which has laid off a total of 52,175 people, and General Motors which lay off a total of 75,658 people (Kneale & Turchioe, 2009). The companies did so due to the increasing expenses and need for cost cutting. However in the long term the companies do not consider how much of these lay offs could cost them. In the hustle bustle of reducing the costs, the companies, i.e. Citigroup and General Motors have also laid off several good employees who bring the company a high level of profit. In the long run this could prove to

Professional Statement for Psychology Counseling BA degree Personal

Professional for Psychology Counseling BA degree - Personal Statement Example As an individual who has deep concerns for the miseries and issues faced by the fellow human beings, I have often regarded the career of a professional practitioner of psychological counseling as an effective way to render my service to the well being of the society and the people around me. Similarly, a reflective self appraisal of my strengths, weaknesses, and personal qualities also offers me the good reason for selecting a career in Psychology and Counseling. As an individual who has successfully completed Bible college graduation, I am most concerned about the psychological affairs of the people around. I also have great experience of working among people who need mental strength and support. Along with my regular preaching in various religious programs, I also conduct Bible studies for women at a rescue mission. The experience that I gathered from such activities, significantly, strengths and personal qualities as a person qualified for the career in Psychology and Counseling. I share great compassion with people who are in distress and miseries, and have a strong desire to help them accomplish their goals. I have often been excited to find positive changes in the lives of people around me through care, compassion and divine understanding. My Christian values and spirit of compassion and charity also have contributed to my decision to opt for this career and course. Therefore, a self appraisal of my strengths, weaknesses, personal qualities definitely confirm that my experiences and qualifications will contribute to my chosen field, which is Psychology and Counseling (BA) degree. The career of Psychology and Counseling has a great scope in the development of my personal life and achievement of my life-goals. As a person who has ever been interested in assisting people in need, the career of a professional practitioner of psychological counseling can help me realize my career goals, and I understand Psychology

The Marine Corps Information Assurance Program Essay Example for Free

The Marine Corps Information Assurance Program Essay Program seeks to enhance the capabilities of the Marines in their knowledge of the use of Information Technology in order to facilitate the transfer of information from one point to another and assuring that the data gathered or transmitted is received in good hands, safe from intrusion of other people that may intercept the data. The reliability of the data and its source is also put into question with this program as it seeks to bolster the covertness of the information passed that has something to do with the National Security. (SHEA, 2001) In trying to achieve this, the Marines would have to upgrade the technology they have and at the same time, attain the knowledge needed in order for the Marines to operate the system properly. The Marines realizes the threat of having information advancement as a form of communication and it seeks to avoid the possible attack on its information gateways. Furthermore, the Marines would want the technology for data and information interchange to be secured at all times to hasten the spread of information. Another reason is that the Marines think that it would be a lot easier and faster for them to spread data and information on recent attacks rather than the persisting methods. In addition to that, the marines also feel the need to secure buildings that have the information so that when the need for the information arises, they would have the capability to get the information needed at a faster rate. Other threats that the Marines foresee is the possible crippling of the information dissemination by which the Unit may experience if they are not practicing the advance technology in which they can be capable of. The information circle would be easily crippled with the destruction of buildings that are related to the intelligence gathering that the Marines are going through. Furthermore, the threat of other people’s prying eyes with the Marines use of the Internet should be prevented in order for the Marines to operate peacefully and out of the surprising intelligence and powers of deduction that are employed by people nowadays. In order for them to achieve just that, the Marines would have to practice the arts of operating a system of the Internet that would be capable of the transmission of the information in a covert manner, helping them operate under the surveillance of people. Other than that, the Marines would also want the upgrading of the system and use of advanced operating systems in which they can freely pass information in the Information Superhighway. Getting back to the regulation, the directive aims to support the Marines in their endeavor to pass information in a covert way possible, in order for them to feel secure of the information that they pass to one another; Strengthen the lines of information exchange in which the Marines would be able to spread directives like this in a way that is secure for passing parties; establish a possible set of guidelines in which the Marines would be able to measure the strength of their Information Assurance Capabilities; Establish a good and secure structure of the security measures on the method of communication employed, in order for them to fully be aware when someone or something is leaking out; review and update the existing policies of security employed in the information dissemination in order to rate the system and change it for the improvement of the security and speed; use of the technology of the Internet and the Information Exchange in which the Marines would be given first-hand experiences so that they may be able to understand the capabilities of using such means; develop the users in such a way that each knows the responsibilities assigned to them and be aware of the existence of the program; undergo training for leaders in which they may know the extent of their powers and the heart of the processes involved; detect unauthorized activities and detection of possible flaws in the system that needs to be improved upon; and finally to establish the readiness of the Marines to the form of communication that they employ through trainings. These objectives comprise the goals at which the system would have to be based upon. Without one, the Marines would have to be clueless in their charges in which they have to understand the full value of what they are doing and why there tasked to do this. II. Corporate Impact The regulation of the Unit to comply with the company’s directive would have to be monitored regularly in order for it to succeed. The Marines would have to check regularly in order for them to understand the value of the program. The leaders should also be able to check the possible lapses in the security that needed to be changed in order for the whole unit to be under the control of the directive. Doing so would not only help the program to attain its goal, but also to train the Marines in different lapses of plans that may go out of hand in case. In addition to that, the leaders would have to monitor the troops regularly in order for them to realize the progress that their team is making. This program has no room for slacking off in order for them to understand the gravity of the directive. The lower level Marines would have to understand the true value of the filtered information in which they would have use of someday. Regular trainings and recollections are also needed in order for the higher level officials to get the feedback at which the Marines experience the changes. Information Assurance is a big deal that they should worry for the least of the lapses that would happen while they are in command. The informational structure of the Marines would not have to change as long as the leaders of each member know what they are doing. Constant Vigilance should be firm on the mind of everyone as this can be the least of their assurance that they are indeed taking the matter seriously. From the understanding of this, the leaders would have to be aware of the progress made by their subordinates in which they understand the program. Failure to do so would mean that the leader is not doing his job properly and it would reflect greatly on their superiors. If a Marine lieutenant has any problems with the program, he should need the advice of a superior regarding the issue.

Powerful Parallels and Deep Divides: Pluralism in The Poem of the Cid a

Both The Poem of the Cid and The Song of Roland were written in a time period where great new developments were occurring in Europe, but none more crucial than the rise of the Crusades and the ethnocentric viewpoint they propagated and were propagated by (Quinn). Of great interest is the manner in which both works deal with the nature of pluralism in European history. For the sake of this essay, pluralism will be defined simply as a state of more than one. Both works, written at approximately the same time (1130-1170 for The Song of Roland and aproximately 1207 for The Poem of the Cid, as per the book's forewords) have powerful parallels and stark contrasts, which when put in context are incredibly revealing of their respective author's/culture's attitudes about economic, cultural, and religious pluralism. An often overlooked place to begin evaluating these stories lies in their depictions of economic systems. The Song of Roland depicts a system that is primarily based on the giving of tribute, namely exotic gifts and treasure; clearly shown when Blancandrin counsels Marsilla to achieve peace with Charlemagne by promising him â€Å"bears and lions and dogs, 700 hundred camels and a thousand moulted hawks† (Burgess, page 30). However, it is important to note that the concept of paying with money is not entirely absent from the novel, â€Å"you will have enough gold bezants to pay your mercenaries well† (Burgess, page 33). Thus, one realizes that in The Song of Roland that two economic systems exist. The dominant system is the giving of gifts in the form of tribute to one's betters or equals like Marsile to Charlemagne, and then the less important/common payment of money to one's inferiors a la Charlemagne to his mercenaries. We can fin... ...hat were occurring there, namely the Crusades. However, subtle nuances and seemingly minor differences between the two works reveal two very different cultures, a deeply orientalist and unforgiving Frankish perspective represented by The Song of Roland that stands in stark contrast The Poem of the Cid and its diverse and relatively accepting Spanish ideal of â€Å"convivencia† that embraced pluralism in its many forms. Bibliography: Burgess, Glyn S.  The Song of Roland. London, England: Penguin, 1990. Print. Hamilton, Rita, Janet H. Perry, and Ian Michael.  The Poem of the Cid. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1984. Print. Quinn, William. "The Crusades 1&2." 8 and 13 March 2012. Lecture. Quinn, William. â€Å"Cantar del mio Cid Campeador.† 3 April 2012. Lecture Kahf, â€Å"Medieval Spain, Competing Narratives.† 27 March 2012. Lecture

Recognise the impact of prejudice Essay

Three of the examples of prejudice or stereotyping in Task 9 and describe what strategies/methods as a community interpreter would use to influence/educate agencies in overcoming these barriers. Write about what systems agencies already have in place to overcome these particular barriers. Example 1: The Iranian Interpreter, how would you deal with this situation in a professional manner? Strategy: Get to know a person on an individual basis before you decide if you don’t like them. You’re not going to like everyone, but you do need to respect them as an individual and spend time with them before you make a judgment. You need to realize that your way isn’t the only way. Example 2: People who came from an Arab background and who attended mosques were looked at differently. This means that people you passed every day on the street were given a discrimination.This is not fair treatment Strategy: Learn about different cultures and people to understand differences between yourself and others. As you learn more, you can relate to other people better even when differences exist. You need to go where you are in the minority and experience what it is like to be in that situation. Example 3:Many people have the view of a person with mental illness as someone who is violence-prone. Strategy: Be respectful of differences. You need to be able to agree to disagree. Even if you don’t have eye contact with each other, you will feel and know that their attitudes and behavior.

A history of violence

â€Å"A history of violence† is a film which presents a world of â€Å"monsters† that has a presence which is not felt until the â€Å"monsters† emerge into action. The film focuses on the necessity of violence and the manner in which it destroys and in the same time saves humanity. The whole film concentrates on the double identity of the world. It is the classic theme: a fight between good and evil.The question which Cronenberg’s film raised is whether or not â€Å"the violent instinct is necessarily an evil† (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_History_of_Violence_(film)). The main character from â€Å"A history of violence†, Tom Stall (actor Viggo Mortensen), is a tender family man, very in love with his wife. He is attacked in his dinner by two perpetrators which he eventually kills.He becomes a hero but in the same time his hidden past is starting to reveal. It is revealed that Tom ran away from the instinct of violence but this instinct fro m which he ran, in the end saved his life. He knew how to respond to violence with violence. This is a message to a world in witch violence seems most present and emphasizes that in this kind of world nobody can survive without the instinct of violence. Thus the human nature becomes dual; it is divided between love and hate.It is a history of violence because the movie presents: the past of Tom Stall who used to work for the mob, his name was Joey Cusack, but gave up because he didn’t want to be on that side of the society, then the present witch presents Tom as a peaceful, family guy who now fights to solve his past issues in order to protect his dear family, and the future which is predicted by Tom’s teenage sun Jack who is aggressed by bullies at school and he always avoided fighting them., this meaning that violence will never cease to be a real mean of surviving.Tom is a character who didn’t enjoy killing, in spite of this he is forced to kill. Violence is needed in order to keep on living. He hides his past from his family. He struggles to hide his violent side. Significant are the words uttered by a stranger regarding Tom: â€Å"you are trying so hard to be this other guy, it’s painful to watch†.No matter how much Tom tries to hide the inhuman side it arises when it is needed. His power to fight with the perpetrators emerges from somewhere deep and apparently can not be controlled. It is a question whether or not human monsters are born or trained to be violent.It is clear that humans are built from two parts: the violent one and peaceful one. History demonstrated that the violent part was not at all absent. It is a constant interior struggle to balance violence and peace. It can never be one without the other. Peace was always obtained with the help of violence, and tranquility was broken by violence.Tom is a character who hides his past. He became a family man after he escaped from the mob. These facts made him in th e eyes of his community a man with double identity.The community came to know a side of Toms’ that they were never aware of. During the plot Tom mutates, he turns from good to bad and vice versa. People are able to change, a different character is born, and new personality traits are formed as people grow up. A person identity is important because it places a person into society. Tom is Joey, Joey is Tom, they are one and the same person, one is from the past and one is the present, those two persons have to coexist in the end, it can not be one without the other because both are part of the same person.There is something dark and mysterious in every one of us. There are hidden parts of the human personality that can get revealed and shock everybody.There are various interpretations of David Cronenberg’s movie. It is a depiction of the long history of violence and its inheritance from generation to generation. Violence was and is used as a tool for settling disputes, i t’s a â€Å"Darwinian evolution† in which stronger organism replace the weaker once. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_History_of_Violence_ (film)).BIBLIOGRAPHY:International Movie Database http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0399146/usercommentsWikipedia  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Mla

Mla MLA Documentation StyleDifferent academic disciplines use different systems of documentation. The Modern LanguageAssociation (MLA) style, presented in the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, iswidely used throughout the humanities.A. Parenthetical ReferencesB. Content and Bibliographical NotesC. List of D. MLA-Style Sample EssayA. Parenthetical ReferencesIn MLA style, a parenthetical reference identifies a source and refers readers to the full citationof the source in the list of works cited. Following are some sample MLA-style parentheticalreferences.Author and page (short quotation)Prose quotations that run no more than four lines in your essay are integrated into the text andenclosed in double quotation marks. The author's name need not appear in the parentheticalreference if it is included in the signal or introductory phrase, as in the first example:Mark Kingwell defines happiness as "the possession of virtuous character and theperformance of virtuous action" (327).The MLA Style ManualThe search for J.D. Salinger, the New Hampshire recluse whom one reviewer called "theGreta Garbo of American letters" (Swados 119), became something of a minor nationalobsession in the early 1960s.Author and page (long quotation)Prose quotations that run more than four lines are set off from the text by indenting ten spacesfrom the left margin. Block quotations are not enclosed in quotation marks.Swift's ironic "A Modest Proposal" paints a devastating portrait of Ireland's poor:Some persons of a desponding spirit are in great concern about that vast number of poorpeople, who are aged, diseased, or maimed, and I have been desired to employ mythoughts what course may be taken to ease the nation of so grievous an encumbrance. ButI am not in the least pain upon that matter, because it is very well known that...

Classroom Desk Arrangement Ideas

Classroom Desk Arrangement Ideas Your desk arrangement choices reflect your teaching goals and philosophy. The furniture in your classroom isnt just a bunch of meaningless wood, metal, and plastic. In fact, how you arrange the desks in your room says a lot to students, parents, and visitors about what you want to accomplish and even what you believe about student interactions and learning. So before you start sliding desks and chairs around, consider how various student desk arrangements can make it easier for you to accomplish learning goals and manage student discipline issues. Here are 6 suggestions for arranging student desks in your classroom. 1. Classic Rows Most of us sat in traditional rows during our school years, from elementary school all the way through college. Picture a room with students facing forward to the teacher and whiteboard in either horizontal or vertical rows. The classic row set-up places students in an audience collectively focused on traditional teacher-centric lessons as the day goes along. Its relatively easy for teachers to spot chatty or misbehaving students because every child should be facing forward at all times. One drawback is that rows make it difficult for students to work in small groups. 2. Cooperative Clusters Many elementary school teachers utilize cooperative clusters, generally disappearing as students move into junior high school and beyond. If, for example, you have twenty students, you could organize their desks into four groups of five, or five groups of four. By strategically forming the groups based on student personality and work style, you can have students work together cooperatively throughout the day without having to take time to rearrange desks or form new groups every day. One drawback is that some students will get easily distracted by facing other students and not the front of the class. 3. Horseshoe or U-shape Arranging desks in a wide horseshoe shape or angular u-shape (facing the teacher and whiteboard) facilitates whole group discussions while still forcing students to face forward for teacher-directed instruction. It might be a tight squeeze to fit all of your students desks into a horseshoe shape, but try forming more than one row or tightening the horseshoe, if necessary. 4. Full Circle Its unlikely that you will want elementary-aged students to sit in a full circle all day every day. However, you may want to have your students move their desks into a closed circle on a temporary basis in order to hold a class meeting or hold a writers workshop where students will be sharing their work and offering each other feedback. 5. Remember to Include Aisles No matter how you choose to arrange your students desks, remember to build in aisles for easy movement around the classroom. Not only do you need to allow students space to move, its important to note that effective teachers are always walking around the classroom using proximity to manage behavior and help students as they need assistance. 6. Keep It Fluid It may be tempting to set up your students desks once at the beginning of the school year and keep it that way all year long. But the art of desk arrangement should actually be fluid, functional, and creative. If a certain set-up isnt working for you, make a change. If you notice a recurring behavior problem that could be alleviated by moving desks, give it a try. Remember to move your students around, too - not just their desks. This keeps students on their toes. As you get to know them better, you can judge where each student should sit for maximal learning and minimal distraction. Edited by: Janelle Cox

Brand Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Brand Marketing - Essay Example As the report declares marketing for B2B focuses on a rather small market. Business value influences buying decision. In addition, the goal of B2B is to convert prospects into customers. B2B managers, therefore, tend to focus on relationship building through communication. Mainly, the business in B2B is between a business and other businesses. Advertising through media becomes critical in B2B marketing. This paper discusses that most companies consider B2B and B2C markets as diverse ways of marketing that must be handled excessively especially in relation to brand personality. Of importance to note is that, most of the companies that practise these kinds of marketing have brand executives who operate differently where little sharing of information is required. According to Rajeev 2012, brand management might decide to have their brand value generated through the use of both B2B and B2C markets. In contrast, the use of B2B and B2C markets might at times hurt the brand, drastically reducing the impact of brand personality on the given company. In light of this, there is shared brand equality among the product brands especially when there is visible corporate brand that gives credibility to every product that the company owns. The goal of B2C marketing is to purely change known shoppers into buyers in an aggressive but continent manner. In fact, companies that practise B2C marketing us e more merchandise activities like coupons, which are meant to capture the interest of the customers immediately. For instance, companies with B2C marketing may use emails campaign in persuading customers to buy their products. This type of marketing has assisted various companies in realizing the importance of loyalty (Prabakaran 2012). On the other hand, the goal of B2B marketing is to purely convert prospects into customers although it is longer and more involving. Most of the companies that use B2B marketing must focus on the improvement of relationship building and communication. Of importance to note is that content is the most crucial in terms of marketing. With reference to brand personality, Howard 2009 argues that B2B and B2C require brand in ensuring that the markets have more sales as compared to